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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025001 |
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| Combined effect of irrigation and mulching on photosynthesis and yield traits of cotton |
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LIU Chengyue, YANG Guang, WANG Chunxia, ZHANG Heng, ZHANG Shuo, SUN Rui
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1. College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; 2. Key Laboratory of
Cold and Arid Regions Eco-hydraulic Engineering of Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Mulching has been widely used in Northwestern China as a water-saving technology to modify soil moisture and temperature, potentially enhancing cotton photosynthesis and yield. This paper investigates the combined effects of irrigation and mulching on photosynthesis and yield components of cotton.【Method】The field experiment was conducted in a cotton field. It had three irrigation amount treatments: 3 360 m3/hm2 (W1), 4 200 m3/hm2 (W2) and 5 040 m3/hm2 (W3); each irrigation treatment had a film mulching treatment (P1) and a treatment without mulching (P2). During the experiment, we measured the physiological traits, leaf area development, dry matter accumulation and yield composition.【Result】① During the flowering period, W1 to W3 with mulching increased net photosynthetic rates by 17.15%, 13.84% and 10.86%, respectively, compared to those without mulching; their corresponding transpiration rates increased by 10.91%, 9.57% and 4.93%. With mulching, W3 increased the net photosynthetic rate by 14.76% and 31.69%, and transpiration rate by 35.87% and 12.39%, respectively, compared to W1 and W2. While mulching and irrigation enhanced photosynthesis and transpiration, increasing irrigation amount attenuated the effect of mulching. ② Mulching altered leaf development. Leaf area index (LAI) and chlorophyll content (SPAD) in P1 peaked earlier during the flowering stage compared to that in P2. As the plant grew, both LAI and SPAD increased first and then declined. ③ Mulching increased dry matter accumulation and the proportion allocated to reproductive organs, enhancing the conversion of photosynthates into yield. The proportion of dry matter in reproductive organs under mulching was 7.53% to 8.76% higher than that without mulching, regardless of irrigation amount and growing stages. Mulching accelerated early-stage dry matter accumulation, although at the boll-opening stage, not mulching facilitated dry matter accumulation.【Conclusion】Mulching improved cotton photosynthesis and dry matter conversion efficiency, leading to higher yield. Irrigation influences cotton photosynthesis and yield by increasing the weight of individual bolls. Combined use of film mulching and optimized irrigation is an effective water-saving strategy to enhance cotton productivity in arid and semi-arid regions. |
| Key words: cotton; mulching; irrigation amount; photosynthetic characteristics; yield |
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