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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025026 |
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| Effects of subsurface drainage and biochar application sunflower growth in coastal saline-alkali soils of the Yellow River Delta |
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WANG Hua, TIAN Yuyu, JING Rui, ZHAO Qingqing
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1. Henan Haihe River Basin Water Resources Affairs Center, Xinxiang 453002, China;
2. College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
3. Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Soil salinization and waterlogging are critical challenges to crop productivity and sustainable agriculture. This study examines the effects of subsurface drainage and biochar application on soil properties and crop growth in coastal saline-alkali soils in the Yellow River Delta.【Method】The field experiment was conducted using sunflower as the model plant. The spacing of the subsurface drain varied from 10 m to 30 m, each having two biochar applications: 0 and 30 t/hm2. During the experiment, we measured soil moisture content and pH, and evaluated how biochar application and drain spacing combined to influence growth, yield components and seed quality of the sunflower.【Result】① Biochar application significantly reduced soil moisture content and increased soil pH. At the flowering stage, the treatment with drain spacing of 30 m reduced soil moisture by 6.82% with biochar application and 16.57% without biochar, compared to the control without drainage and biochar application. ② During the budding and flowering stages, plant height in the treatment with drain spacing of 30 m was significantly higher than that in the control, regardless of biochar applications. At the flowering and maturity stages, biochar addition further increased plant height and stem diameter. Compared to the treatment without biochar application, biochar addition increased single-head grain weight and yield by 10.46%-19.36% and 11.45%-19.35%, respectively. Our results show that 30 m drain spacing combined with biochar application significantly enhanced kernel fat and linoleic acid contents, compared to the control and without biochar.【Conclusion】Subsurface drainage combined with biochar application significantly improves the physicochemical properties of coastal saline-alkali soils, promotes sunflower growth, and enhances yield and quality. This combination can be used as an improved agronomic practice for amelioration of saline-alkali soils and improving crop productivity in coastal regions. |
| Key words: subsurface drainage; biochar; soil; sunflower growth; yield and quality |
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