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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025265 |
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| Growth and resource use efficiency of maize under different irrigation methods in Hetao Irrigation District |
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SHAO Mengxuan, LIU Haijun, JU Wenwen, WANG Keke
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1. College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; 2. Guangdong Zhihuan Innovation Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510180, China; 3. MDPI (Beijing) Technology Services Co., Ltd., Beijing 101100, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background and Objective】Agriculture in Hetao Irrigation District (HID) is highly dependent on irrigation due to its scarce precipitation and high evaporation. Reduced Yellow River water allocation and strict water resource management in recent years have exacerbated irrigation water scarcity in the district. However, over 90% of irrigation still relies on surface irrigation, causing severe water-fertilizer waste and low irrigation water and nitrogen use efficiency. Although mulched drip irrigation has been applied in HID, the associated crop nitrogen uptake and its effects on crop growth remain elusive. This paper aims to fill this knowledge gap. We investigated the effects of mulched surface irrigation and mulched drip irrigation on growth traits, nutrient uptake and yield formation of spring maize.【Method】A three-year experiment was conducted from 2021 to 2023 using a randomized complete block design in a spring maize field. During the experiment, we measured the plant height, stem diameter, leaf area index (LAI), and aboveground dry matter accumulation at the whorl stage, late whorl stage, tasseling stage, grain-filling stage and maturity stage. We also measured plant nitrogen uptake, grain yield and yield components (ear length, ear diameter, unfilled tip length, kernel rows per ear, kernels per row, kernel number per ear, and 100-grain weight), and water and nitrogen use efficiency metrics (irrigation water productivity, agronomic nitrogen use efficiency of the plant.【Result】Compared with surface irrigation, mulched drip irrigation increased the plant height, stem diameter, LAI at the tasseling stage, and the aboveground dry matter at maturity stage by 3.90%, 18.00%, 13.03%, and 5.05%, respectively; as a result, it increased the grain yield by 11.72% and 100-grain weight by 17.87%. We also found that, compared with surface irrigation, mulched drip irrigation increased plant nitrogen uptake, irrigation water productivity, agronomic nitrogen use efficiency, and nitrogen absorption efficiency by 6.75%, 123.47%, 21.59% and 26.15% respectively.【Conclusion】Mulched drip irrigation could reduce irrigation water usage by 45.22%, increase maize yield by 11.72%, and significantly improve irrigation water productivity and nitrogen use efficiencies of spring maize in the Hetao Irrigation District. |
| Key words: mulched drip irrigation; surface irrigation; growth dynamics; nitrogen uptake; high yield and productivity |
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