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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025266 |
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| Effects of insufficient irrigation on water use and yield of spring wheat in water-scarce region |
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SHI Wanen, ZHANG Yuezhen, YU Yarong, LYU Ting, CHEN Shunguo
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1. Water Science and Technology Extension Center in Wuwei City, Wuwei 733000, China;
2. Key Irrigation Experimental Station in Wuwei City, Wuwei 733000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Water scarcity is a major constraint to agriculture in arid regions of Northwestern China. Exploring efficient irrigation methods and water-saving irrigation quotas is crucial for sustainable agricultural development in these regions. This paper experimentally investigates the effects of different irrigation methods and insufficient irrigation quotas on water use and yield components of spring wheat. 【Method】A completely randomized field experiment was conducted in 2023 and 2024 in the Shiyang River Basin. It consisted of a shallow-buried drip irrigation method and a border irrigation method, each having a sufficient irrigation treatment and an extreme insufficient irrigation treatment that used 60%-80% of water in the insufficient irrigation treatment. During the experiment, we measured the changes in soil water content, soil water storage, water consumption, key growth traits, grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) at the jointing stage, heading stage, filling stage and maturity stage of the crop. The extreme insufficient irrigation quotas for drip irrigation were 163.5 mm, 195 mm and 226.5 mm, and those for the border irrigation were 360 mm, 390 mm and 420 mm.【Result】①Compared with extreme insufficient border irrigation, extreme insufficient drip irrigation had better crop growth during critical growth stages of the crop, significantly higher water use efficiency, and more uniform water distribution in the soil. ②As time elapsed, the decrease in average soil water content in the 0-100 cm soil layer from sowing to harvest was steadier under drip irrigation than under border irrigation. ③From sowing to harvest, water storage in the 0-100 cm soil layer reduced by 65% under drip irrigation and 50% under border irrigation. The highest daily water consumption was during heading -filling stage, reaching 19.65mm/d and accounting for 44.3% of the total crop water consumption. The cumulative total crop water consumption in drip irrigation was the smallest, while its water use efficiency was the highest, reaching 12.87 kg/(hm2·mm). ④Under the extreme insufficient irrigation, the plant height and SPAD were both significantly positively correlated with dry matter mass and yield components. The grain yield and water use efficiency were the highest when drip-irrigating 226.5 mm of water.【Conclusion】Spring wheat can grow normally and maintain stable yield under extreme insufficient drip or border irrigation in the arid Northwestern China. Drip-irrigating 226.5 mm of water is an optimal irrigation quota for fertigating spring wheat in the study region. |
| Key words: drip irrigation; border irrigation; spring wheat; extreme insufficient irrigation; water utilization; yield; arid regions in Northwest China |
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