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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025156 |
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| Effect of regulated deficit irrigation on growth and yield of black soybean |
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WU Tengshuai, WANG Tianrui, LIU Mengyuan, WANG Wen, LI Yajun
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1. College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China;
2. College of Agriculture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Water scarcity and low irrigation water use efficiency are major constraints on crop production in the arid regions of Northern Shaanxi. This paper investigates the effects of different deficit irrigation levels on the growth, yield and grain quality of black soybean in this region.【Method】The cultivar “Lianjia Tiao” was used as the model plant. The experiment had four treatments: conventional irrigation with soil moisture content controlled above 75% of the field capacity throughout the entire growth period of the crop (CK); mild deficit irrigation by topping up soil water when soil water content dropped below 65% of the field capacity at the seedling, branching and maturity stages, with soil water in other stages managed in the same way as in CK (T1); moderate deficit irrigation by topping up soil water when soil moisture content fell below 65% of the field capacity throughout the entire growth period of the crop (T2); and severe deficit irrigation by topping up soil water when soil moisture content fell below 55% of the field capacity during the seedling, branching, and maturity stages, and below 65% during the flowering, podding and grain-filling stages, with soil water in other stages managed in the same way as in CK. During the experiment, we measured soil moisture, agronomic traits, physiological traits, grain yield and quality of the crop. 【Result】With increasing irrigation deficit level, both soil water content and soil water storage in the 0-40 cm soil layer decreased. During the podding, grain-filling and maturity stages, T1 gave the greatest plant height, stem diameter, net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance. Yield and water use efficiency were the highest in T1, exceeding those in CK by 17.53% and 23.02%, respectively (P＜0.05). The crude fat content in T1 was 9.41%-21.97% higher than that in other treatments (P＜0.05), while the protein content in T1 was lower than that in T2 only.【Conclusion】Applying mild deficit irrigation during the seedling, branching and maturity stages can effectively promote the growth and physiological development of black soybean, thereby increasing its grain yield, water use efficiency and grain quality. It can be used as an improved irrigation strategy for black soybean production in the arid regions of Northern Shaanxi. |
| Key words: regulated deficit irrigation; black bean; photosynthetic characteristics; yield; water use efficiency |
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