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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025197 |
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| Water and nitrogen interactions regulate nutrient uptake, accumulation and allocation in intercropped maize |
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WANG Zhenye, LI Nan, XIAO Jingxiu, TANG Li, ZHENG Yi
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1. College of Resources and Environmental Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
2. Yunnan Open University, Kunming 650599, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Water and nitrogen are two key factors influencing crop productivity, and their interaction plays a critical role in determining nutrient uptake and allocation in cropping systems. This study examines the combined effects of water and nitrogen on the growth of intercropped maize, as well as the spatiotemporal changes in nutrient allocation in its roots, stems and leaves.【Method】Experiments were conducted in the field and pots. The field experiment compared the yields of maize in monoculture and maize-soybean intercropping systems under conventional fertilization; the pot experiment evaluated the yields of the two cropping systems under two nitrogen fertilizations: 75 (nitrogen stress, N1) and 150 mg/kg (conventional, N2), with the soil water content maintained at 18% (water stress, W1) or 24% (conventional, W2). The accumulation of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in roots, stems and leaves was measured at the maturity stage.【Result】Maize-soybean intercropping in the field experiment increased maize yield by 24.0% compared with monoculture. In the pot experiment, the water equivalent ratio in the intercropping system under combined water and nitrogen stress was 1.559, which was 14.9% higher than that in conventional irrigation and nitrogen fertilization. The intercropped maize in all treatments significantly increased biomass accumulation and nutrient contents compared with monoculture, though the increase varied with treatment. Among all treatments, intercropping under N1W2 increased maize yield the most compared to monoculture; specifically, it increased root biomass by 86.0%, and nitrogen and potassium mass proportion by 54.0% and 69.0%, respectively; simultaneously, it also increased stem biomass by 51.0%, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mass proportions by 34.0%, 84.6%, and 58.0%, respectively, leaf biomass by 39.0%, and the nitrogen-to-potassium ratio increased by 15.7%; in contrast, it reduced the nitrogen-potassium ratio by 19.0%, and the mass proportions of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by 25.0%, 46.9%, and 58.0%, respectively.【Conclusion】Water-nitrogen interactions substantially increased biomass accumulation in intercropped maize compared with monoculture due to the improved water use efficiency and optimized nutrient uptake and allocation. Among all treatments, applying 70 mg/kg of nitrogen combined with maintaining soil water content at 24% was most effective for promoting biomass production in the maize-soybean intercropping system. |
| Key words: water and nitrogen regulation; maize; intercropping; nutrient partitioning |
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