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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019350 |
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| The Effects of Reducing Irrigation and Fertilization on Soil Nitrate, Yield and Quality of Greenhouse Tomato |
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WANG Lijuan, SUN Jiaxing, HAN Weihua, GAO Lili, MAO Lili, LI Haoru, GONG Daozhi
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1.Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;2. Key Laboratory of Dryland Water Saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Beijing 100081, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Excessive irrigation and fertilization not only reduces resource use efficiency but also causes environmental pollution. Improving water and fertilizer use efficiency is hence critical to developing sustainable agriculture. The objective of this paper is to experimentally test the impacts of reducing irrigation and fertilization on soil nitrate, yield and quality of tomato.【Method】The experiment was conducted in a solar greenhouse with the fertigation used by local farmers taken as control (CK). We compared the consequence of reducing water and nitrogen application by 20% (H), 40% (M) and 50% (I), compared to CK, for soil nitrate, fruit yield and quality, as well as water and fertilizer use efficiency.【Result】In the growth season, the change in soil moisture and nitrate accumulation in the 0~20 cm and 20~50 cm soil layers differed significantly between the four treatments and was ranked in CK>H>M>L; the tomato yield also differed significantly and was ranked in CK>H>M>L. Water and fertilizer use efficiency differed significantly between the treatments, especially H treatment in which the nitrate accumulation in the top 0~50 cm soil and tomato yield were 73% and 83% of that CK respectively. Water use efficiency and partial fertilizer productivity of H treatment were both significantly higher than that of CK; the sugar acid ratio in H treatment was 1.18 times that in CK.【Conclusion】Keeping other plant husbandries unchanged, reducing water and nitrogen application compared to that used by local farmers by 20% can keep soil moist and substantially reduce nitrate accumulation in soil, with only a minor reduction in tomato yield. In return, it improved fruit quality, water use efficiency and partial fertilizer productivity. The experimental results presented in this paper have important implications for improving water and fertilizer use efficiency while meanwhile reducing their detrimental impact on environment in greenhouse tomato production. |
| Key words: greenhouse tomato; irrigation and fertilization reduction; nitrate nitrogen; fruit yield and quality |
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