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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019181 |
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| Integrating Drip Fertigation with Soil Aeration to Improve Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Greenhouse Tomato |
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LEI Hongjun, XIAO Zheyuan, ZHANG Zhenhua, YANG Hongguang1, LIU Xin, PAN Hongwe
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1.School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China;2. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264039, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Keeping soil aerated in fertigation is essential to improving water and nitrogen use efficiency and crop yield. Taking greenhouse tomato as an example, this paper investigated the feasibility to achieve this goal by integrating drip fertigation with soil oxygenation.【Method】A three-factor randomized block experiment was conducted with two nitrogen application levels (135 and 180 kg/hm2), two oxygenation levels (subsurface drip irrigation with and without aerated water) and two irrigation levels (823 and 1237 m3/hm2). During the experiment, we measured soil water content, oxygen diffusion rate (ODR), oxidation-reduction potential (Eh), and mineral nitrogen content in each treatment. These data were used to calculate the effects of integrating the drip fertigation with soil oxygenation on soil aeration, water and nitrogen use efficiency. 【Result】The aerated drip fertigation reduced soil saturation when the irrigation amount was high thereby enhancing ODR and Eh significantly, compared with conventional drip fertigation. The irrigation amount, nitrogen application rate and degree of aeration combined to affect mineral nitrogen content at significant level. Aerated drip fertigation reduced the average nitrate and ammonia content in soil by 21.4% and 15.5% respectively, compared to the conventional drip fertigation. The average nitrate and ammonia in soil were up 22.7% and 14.7%, respectively, in the high irrigation treatment compared to the low irrigation treatment. The average nitrate and ammonia content in soil under moderate nitrogen application were reduced by 29.0% and 17.8% respectively, compared to those under low nitrogen application. The high irrigation treatment reduced average irrigation-water use efficiency by 6.7% and increased nitrogen efficiency by 13.6%, while the moderate nitrogen application increased irrigation-water use efficiency by 40.9% the nitrogen use efficiency by 12.7%, compared to the low nitrogen application (p<0.05). Aerated fertigation increased the average use efficiency of irrigation-water and nitrogen by 22.9% and 12.4% respectively, compared to the conventional fertigation (p<0.05).【Conclusion】Integrating drip fertilization with soil aeration can effectively improve soil aeration and water and nitrogen use efficiency, thereby boosting root growth and tomato yield. Our results found that coupling soil aeration an drip fertigation at 180 kg/hm2 of nitrogen application and 1237 m3/hm2 of irrigation was optimal. |
| Key words: greenhouse tomato; soil aeration; irrigation-fertilization-aeration; irrigation-water use efficiency; nutrient absorption and use efficiency |
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